Adriana Kafková, Elena Tóthová
Tumor lysis syndrome with hyperuricemia, also known as TLS, is a potentially serious complication of cancer chemotherapy and it can results in life-threatening complications such as renal failure and cardiac arrhythmias. The aim of this paper is to provide a general overview of the pathophysiology and corresponding sign and symptoms of TLS and review clinical and laboratory monitoring parameters. An understanding of the pathophysiology of TLS and meticulous assessment for sign and symptoms and monitoring of the laboratory data, as well as early recognition of problems are essentialy for optimal patient outcomes. Both iv allopurinol and rasburicase offer additional flexibility in the management of TLS and may allow for further avoidance of the consequences of inadequate management of this syndrome.