Mohammed Al Bedairi, Ľubomír Michalko, Stella Hlinšťáková, Barbora Desatová
Duodenogastric reflux (DGR) belongs to dysmotility-like dyspepsia. Its main causes are cholecystectomy, functional and organic disorders of the gallbladder and bile pathways. DGR is considered, for more than a century, to be the main cause of primary and secondary bile gastritis (that is in patients without any surgical intervention on stomach or bile tract, or with). Many experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the destructive effect of bile acids, its products and pancreatic juice on gastric mucosa. Proper detection of DGR and its complications is only possible after the histological examination which seems to be a problematic. Anyhow, the progress in medicine and technology helps in achieving direct qualitative a quantitative evaluation of this issue.