Zuzana Dorková, Zuzana Sopková, Ružena Tkáčová
Several epidemiologic studies documented an independent relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and glucose and lipid metabolism derangements. Severe OSA is associated with 5-fold increased risk of Type 2 diabetes. Hypoxaemia, sleep deprivation, sympathetic activation and leptin resistance represent pathogenetic factors of metabolic consequences of OSA. International Diabetes Federation recommends investigation for nocturnal symptoms of OSA and excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Therapy of OSA using noninvasive ventilation eliminates apnoeic episodes and improves quality of life. Large randomized clinical trials are needed to analyze the effects of noninvasive ventilation on glucose and lipid metabolism.