Simona Ujházi, Jana Figurová, Ivica Lazúrová
Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age and leading cause of
menstrual cycle abnormalities. It is characterized by hyperandrogenic state (clinical and/or biochemical) and ovarian
dysfunction (anovulation and/or ultrasound findings of polycystic ovaries), which are diagnostic criteria according to
Androgen Excess and PCOS Society. PCOS has variable phenotypic manifestations, which are skin manifestations (hirsutism,
acne and androgenic alopecia), hyperandrogenemia, chronic anovulation, infertility, polycystic ovary morphology,
metabolic syndrome, mainly obesity and insulin resistance. PCOS diagnosis is made in clinical praxis as diagnosis
per exclusionem, it means after exclusion of other causes of hyperandrogenic state and chronic oligo-anovulation. To
make a diagnosis of PCOS it consider closely cooperation of a gynaecologist, endocrinologist and because of very common
metabolic abnormalities also an internist, diabetologist and cardiologist.