Igor Gaľa, Lucia Klimčáková, Mária Štolfová, Ivana Gotthardová, Eva Babjaková, Zbynek Schroner, Martin Javorský, Ivan Tkáč
The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes has emphasized the need to optimize treatment regimens. Metformin,
the most widely used oral drug, is recommended as a first-line treatment of type 2 diabetes. Response to treatment
with metformin is significantly different at interindividual level, and this heterogenity may be explained by non-genetic
as well as genetic factors. Understanding these underlying factors can help with the tailoring of treatment for the individual
patients. The past 10 years have seen substantial progress in understanding of the pharmacogenetic response
to treatment with metformin. In the future, the results of pharmacogenetic studies could contribute to a personalized
therapy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus dependent on their genotype. In this review we are summarizing pharmacogenetic
knowledge related to the key molecules that affect the pharmacodynamics of metformin.