Miroslava Brndiarová, Magdaléna Antonyová, Peter Bánovčin
Peritoneal dialysis is an important modality for renal replacement therapy. Is more often used in pediatric patients. Peritonitis is the most feared infectious complication, because it can lead to peritoneal membrane failure. Peritonitis remains a major cause of switching to hemodialysis. Cloudy dialysate and abdominal pain are the most common clinical complication. The one of the diagnostic criteria for peritonitis is white blood cell count greater than 100/μl, predominant of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. At present the treatment of peritonitis is followed International pediatric peritonitis registry (IPPR) recommendations of 2007 and International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) recommendations of 2010. The article is dedicated to detailed elaboration of patogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, differencial diagnosis, management and prevention peritonitis.