Júlia Kasajová, Peter Ďurdík, Lenka Kapustová, Ivona Bacmaňáková, Ján Mikler, Martina Antošová, Peter Bánovčin
Cilia are complex organelles found on the surface of most cells in the body. It is an important component of the mucociliary
system in the respiratory tract, which provide the cleansing ability of the airways. Pathophysiological changes
in kinematics of the cilia mainly occurr in conditions of chronic airway disease that lead to ciliary dysfunction associated
with a reduction in the effectiveness of mucocillary transport. These pathophysiological changes of the cilia can
be present in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux (GER). Clinical symptoms can be gastrointestinal (vomiting, failure
to thrive, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, Sandifer’s syndrome) and also extragastrointestinal (increased amount
of sputum, recurrent respiratory tract infections, aspiration pneumonia, bronchial asthma). We present a case report
of the patient with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections who was sent to our clinic for a suspected primary ciliary
dyskinesia. The finding of aciliar cells and cells with decreased kinematics of cilia obtained by high-speed videomicroscopy
as well as negative screening with an atypical personal history has led to the diagnosis of secondary ciliopathy
on the basis of the gastroesophageal reflux verified by esophageal pH-metry. Adequate treatment improved the clinical
symptoms as well as the cleansing ability of the upper respiratory tract.