Jana Figurová, Ingrid Dravecká, Ivica Lazúrová
Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age presented in 4 ‒ 18 %. Except of menstrual dysfunction, infertility and clinically manifested hyperandrogenism those women very often suffer from various metabolic disturbances - visceral obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and higher risk development of cardiovascular diseases. Through influencing of insulin metabolism and dysregulation of reproductive functions vitamin D might interfere into the development of different diseases when regulating the gene transcription of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and hormonal modulation. Vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate symptoms of PCOS and observational studies has shown that lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with insulin resistance, menstrual cycle disorders, lower pregnancy success, hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, obesity and elevated cardiovascular risk factors.