Ján Kliment, Ján Kliment ml.
Standard therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer includes neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy
with urinary diversion. Adjuvant chemotherapy is offered to patients with pT3/4 and/or N+ disease if no neoadjuvant
chemotherapy has been given. Radical cystectomy is associated with a considerable morbidity rate and its corresponding
effect on the quality of life lead to the increased trend toward bladder sparing strategies. The bladder preservation
treatment modalities include partial cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy and radical transurethral resection with
chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There is strong evidence that bladder–sparing treatments lead to acceptable oncological
outcomes in selected patients while offering improved quality of life trough preservation of a functioning bladder
and sexual function.