Ladislav Macko, Ján Kliment
Aim: To provide data on diagnosis and treatment of patients with prostate cancer in Slovakia in 2014 - 2016.
Material and methods: Clinical data from 1 958 patients with prostate cancer who were treated at urological workplaces
were analysed in 2014 - 2016.
Results: Prostate cancer was most frequently diagnosed in the age group of 65- up to 69-year old, which was 23.4 %,
most carcinomas were detected with the PSA value 4 – 10 ng/ml (36.5 %), 39 % men visited a urologist due to preventive
examination, 54 % due to symptoms in the urogenital system, 55 % stated symptoms in the low urinary tract and
21 % of patients reported symptoms of advanced disease, 4 % stated incidence of prostate cancer in relatives, digital
rectal examination was positive in 31 % of patients and suspected in 31 %. Prostate cancer diagnosis was detected by
primary transrectal biopsy in 88 % of patients, in 8 % of patients after re-biopsy and in 2 % was detected after the second
and third rebiopsy, complications after biopsy were detected in 7 % of patients, histologically in 96 % it was adenocarcinoma,
in 0.6 % ductal cancer and in 0.2 % it was small-cell cancer. Gleason score 6 was detected in 41.2 % of patients,
Gleason score 7 in 30.6 % and Gleason score 8 – 10 in 25.3 % of patients, locally advanced tumours T3a, b and T4
were detected in 28.4 % of patients, radical prostatectomy was performed in 21.7 %, combined treatment with external
radiotherapy + LHRH in 16 %, external radiotherapy itself was used in 8.4 % of patients, brachytherapy in 2.1 %,
active observation in 9.6 % and hormonal treatment of various modifications in 29.3 % of patients. Data analysis was
performed using standard outcomes of descriptive statistics.
Conclusion: Data analysis from the register of prostate cancer provided the current picture of diagnosis and treatment of
patients with prostate cancer. It pointed to several possibilities for improvement in the care for patients with prostate cancer,
related namely to insufficient number of preventive check-ups and late diagnosis of early stages of prostate cancer.