Téma: Overview works

Enteral nutritional treatment

Ľubomír Skladaný, Martin Kliment

It is in the very spirit of malnutrition that it has too low an energy to produce speciffic leading signs and is, therefore, underdiagnosed. However, if we are – at least in cohorts at risk - expectant or, better, searching, the diagnosis is easy. Clues are unintentional weight loss and history of disease - particularly one which impaires sense of taste and hunger, ability to obtain food, eat and assimilate it. The look at the patient, the touch, simple measurements, and readily available laboratory examinations are usually sufficient for diagnosis to be confirmed. Overlooking malnutrition can lead to prolonged hospital stay, increased morbidity, and mortality of patients with various diagnoses. Timely and proper nutritional intervention preferentially by enteral route can ameliorate or abolish these consequences. For enteral nutrition to be implemented it is necessary to calculate its daily dose, decide about the need of tube and, if indicated, choose its type. Particular pharmaceutical formula is then selected according to primary diagnosis of the patient. Monitoring treatment success and anticipating specific complications round the circle of proper nutritional treatment.

Ročník 2004  Témy časopisu Gastroenterology for practice 2 / 2004

CHAIRMAN OF THE EDITORIAL BOARD
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1. Vaughan TL, Davis S, Kristal A, et al. Obesity, alcohol and tobacco risk factors for cancers of esophagus and gastric cardia :adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1995; 4: 85-92.
2. Gao YT, McLaughlin JT, Gridley T, et al. Risk factors for esophageal cancer in Shanghai, China. Role of diet and nutrients. Int J Cancer 1994; 58: 197-202.
3. Shaheen NJ, Crosby NA, Bozymski EM, et al. Is there publication bias in the reporting cancer risk in Barrett´ esophagus? Gastroenterology 2000; 119: 333-338.

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Origination of pigment stones is related to:
a. acute haemolysis
b. chronic haemolysis
c. hypercalcaemia
d. hyperlipoproteinaemia

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