Martin Schnierer, Peter Lipták, Peter Bánovčin ml., Peter Hyrdel, Martin Fischer, Rudolf Hyrdel
Patients with IBD – Inflammatory bowel disease, suffer under a variety of complications. Thromboembolic complications
play an important role in the morbidity and mortality of patients with IBD. Population based studies confirmed
a 2-3 fold higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in comparison with healthy population. The most common is
DVT – deep vein thrombosis, with eventual pulmonary embolism. Less common is cerebrovascular, mesenterial, or portal
thrombosis. Arterial thromboses are less common than vein thromboses and are often present after major surgeries.
Two thirds of patients with VTE have active stadium of IBD. The aetiology of VTE by IBD is multifactorial. A significant
role plays the inflammation, depletion of liquids, vitamins, immobilisation, surgical treatment and medication.
It is still unclear whether there is hypercoagulation due to inflammation, or a specific characteristic of IBD. The coagulation
system is a dynamic component and it was considered a long time only as a marginal factor in the pathogenesis
of IBD. Due to the character of IBD, i.e. bleeding complications, the prophylaxis and treatment of VTE are limited and
complicated. Up-to-date recommendations in the field of prevention and treatment of VTE in IBD patients do not address
the special situations and individual needs of IBD patients.