D. Braný, D. Dvorská, M. Nachajová
Uterine leiomyomas are a very heterogeneous group of diseases. Particular tumours
can be different in a pattern of growth and placement within the uterus of the same
person. Alike, frequency of leiomyomas can vary from solitary ones till tens of
leiomyomas within the same uterus. This kind of variability reflects, in fact, complexness
of their origin. Every single leiomyoma can autoclonally originate due to different
genetic, hormonal or other triggers. By now, there is described several aberrantly
expressed genes, chromosomal rearrangements, even particular mutations
connected at least partially with the development of leiomyomas. The main goal of
this article is to summarise known facts about the genetic background, as well as hormonal
and other factors that participate in the development of uterine leiomyomas.